📋 MANAGING MONEY · LESSON 2

Income vs Expenses

Income is money coming in. Expenses are money going out.

A simple example

Watching money move

+$10You receive $10 — that's income.
-$4You spend $4 — that's an expense.
$6Money remaining.

📥 Income

  • Wages
  • Pocket money
  • Money earned from jobs
  • Gifts
  • Money from selling something

📤 Expenses

  • Food
  • Toys
  • Games
  • Activities
  • School items

Not everything you receive is necessarily income in every context — sometimes it's a transfer of money you already had. And not everything you pay for is necessarily an expense, either.

An important distinction

Saving isn't spending

Moving $5 from Spend to Save doesn't mean the money disappeared. It's still yours — it's simply been given a different purpose. That's why saving towards a goal isn't an expense; it's money being set aside, not money going out for good.

Try it yourself

Work out what's left

Start with $20. Add $5 pocket money. Subtract $4 for a toy and $3 for a snack. How much is left?

$20 + $5 − $4 − $3 = $18.

If you put $5 of that into your Save jar, how much is available to spend?

$18 − $5 = $13 available to spend. The $5 isn't gone — it's just saved for later.

For parents

Use real-life examples from shopping and pocket money as they come up. The goal is helping your child see money coming in and going out — not introducing complicated accounting.

Keep going

Where to next

A refresher on income, expenses and budgeting.

Ready to keep learning?

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